AIMS / HYPOTHESIS:
Low physical activity levels and sedentary behavior are associated with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effects of a short-term reduction in physical activity with increased sedentary behavior on metabolic profiles and body composition, comparing the effects in individuals with first-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes (FDR ve) vs those without (FDR-ve
METHODS:
Forty-five habitually active participants (16 FDR ve [10 female, 6 male] and 29 FDR-ve [18 female, 11 male]; age (±) years) were assessed at baseline, after 14 days of step reduction and 14 days after resuming normal activity. We determined physical activity (using a SenseWear armband), cardiorespiratory fitness ([Formula: see text]), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry / magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and multi-organ insulin sensitivity (OGTT) at each time point. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-factor between-groups ANCOVA, with data presented as mean ± SD or (95% CI).
RESULTS:
There were no significant between-group differences in physical activity either at baseline or following step reduction. During the step-reduction phase, average daily step count decreased by 10, 285 steps (95% CI 9389, 11, 182; p
CONCLUSIONS / INTERPRETATION:
) A short-term reduction in physical activity with increased sedentary behavior leads to a reversible reduction in multi-organ insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness, with concomitant increases in central and liver fat and dyslipidaemia. The effects are broadly similar in FDR ve and FDR-ve individuals. Public health recommendations promoting physical activity should incorporate advice to avoid periods of sedentary behavior.
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