[Information]This bill in the United States is the only one in the world

On May 1, 2024, the U.S. Congress passed the Anti-Semitism Awareness Act of 2023.

There are countless discriminatory bills targeting specific ethnic groups, races and countries in human history, and new ones are being added every day. Especially in the context of the competition between China and the United States, Chinese exclusion bills are emerging one after another in the United States.

However, there is no anti-discrimination bill targeting a specific race in the world, and this one in the United States“2023oppositestillToo much doctrineawareness bill”, if finally passed by the Senate and signed by the President, it will becomeThe only race-specific anti-discrimination law in the world.

The editor is very curious, why did the United States release this film?

Through inquiries to the U.S. Congress, we learned thatThe bill was sponsored by a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York StateMichael Lawler ) At2023October 26th and others10Members togetherpresented and obtained other51 MPs unitesupport。Among them, 46 are Republicans and 46 are Democrats.15 people.The time when the bill was introduced happened to beOctober 7, 2023After Hamas launched the “Aqsa flood attack” on Israel.

Prior to this, the White House had issued a “National Strategy on Anti-Semitism in the United States” on May 25, 2023.

Before that, on January 8, 2021, the European Union introduced《IHRA Working Definition of Anti-Semitism Practical Application Manual”, in which IHRA is “Abbreviation for “International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance”.

international universityMassacre Memorial Alliance (IHRA）Yu In 2015, the IHRA plenary meeting was held in Budapest and adopted the “Working Definition of Anti-Semitism”resolution。

On May 26, 2016, the Bucharest plenary meeting decided thatAdoptHere is a non-legally binding working definition of anti-Semitism:

“Anti-Semitism is a certain perception of Jews that can manifest as hatred of Jews. Both rhetorical and physical manifestations of anti-Semitism are directed against Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, Jewish community institutions, and religious facilities.”

Also listed are 11 examples of anti-Semitism:

Given the overall context, contemporary examples of anti-Semitism in public life, media, schools, workplaces, and religious spheres include, but are not limited to:

Calling for, assisting, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of radical ideologies or extreme religious views.
Make false, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotyping accusations about Jews themselves or the power of Jews as a collective—for example, specifically, but not exclusively, about a world-Jewish conspiracy or mythical institutions of Jewish control of the media, economy, government, or other societies .
Accusing Jews as a people of being responsible for real or imagined wrongdoings committed by individual Jews or groups, or even of non-Jews.
Denies the fact, scope, mechanisms (such as gas chambers), or intent (the Holocaust) of the genocide of the Jewish people during World War II by National Socialist Germany and its supporters and collaborators.
Accusing the Jews as a people, or Israel as a country, of inventing or exaggerating the Holocaust.
Accusing Jewish citizens of being more loyal to Israel, or to the so-called priorities of Jews around the world, rather than the interests of their own country.
Denying the Jewish people the right to self-determination, such as claiming the existence of the State of Israel, is racist.
Applying a double standard that requires behavior that is not expected or required of any other democracy.
Use symbols and images associated with classic anti-Semitism (such as claims that Jews killed Jesus or blood libel) to describe Israel or Israelis.
Compare contemporary Israeli policies to those of the Nazis.
Hold the Jewish people collectively accountable for the actions of the State of Israel.

Learning more about anti-Semitism, it turns out that global anti-Semitism has a long history.

alreadyB.C.720 about years,The Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire.Records of Sargon II of Assyria indicate that he would 27290 Israelites (approximately one-fifth of the population of the Kingdom of Israel) were deported to Mesopotamia; this deportation became the Jewish“The Ten Lost Tribes of Israel”The basis of the concept. Some Israelites migrated to the southern kingdom of Judah, while those who remained in Samaria were concentrated around Mount Gerizim and were called Samaritans.

B.C. 586 During the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, the Neo-Babylonian Empire destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem, occupied the Kingdom of Judah, and deported as many as 10,000 families to Babylon. Here the Babylonians viewed the Jews as a unified group, marking the beginning of collective persecution against this group.

In the thousands of years that followed, although the Jews briefly established a kingdom (the Hasmonean Kingdom was established from 167 BC to 37 BC),soonAnd was destroyed by the powerful Roman Empire), but they have been constantly expelled and persecuted everywhere for a long time.

for example:

In 139 BC, he was expelled from Rome for actively preaching among the Romans.
In AD 38, the Jews were expelled from Alexandria, Egypt.
In 41–53, Claudius expelled the Jews from Rome.
73 years,JewishThe first time a person feelstoo roman warThe failure resulted in many Jews being captured, enslaved, or became refugees.
In 119 AD, the large Jewish communities in Cyprus, Cyrene, and Alexandria were wiped out after the Jewish defeat in the Cytos War with Rome.
In 415, under the leadership of Saint Cyril, the Jews were expelled from Alexandria.
In 418, Jews were expelled from Menorca or asked to convert.
In 612, King Cisebut of the Visigoths decreed that any Jews who refused to be baptized for themselves, their children, and their servants for more than a year would be expelled and deprived of their property.
629 years,The Jewish revolt against ByzantiumAfterwards, all the Jews in Galilee were massacred or deported。
seventh century,Muhammad expelled two Jewish tribes from Medina.Banu·The tribe of Kuraiza was massacred, and the Jewish settlement of Khaibar was sacked.
1012,The Jews were expelled from Mainz.
1095Year–13mid-century,The wave of Crusades destroyed many Jewish communities in Europe (especially the Rhineland) and the Middle East (especially Jerusalem).
12mid-century,The Almohad invasion ended the golden age of Jewish culture in Spain.Other refugees included Maimonides, who fled to Morocco, then Egypt, and then Palestine.
12-14century,FranceThe practice of expelling Jews and confiscating their property, followed by temporary readmission at ransom, was used to enrich the royal family.1182year philip·Augustus expelled from Paris, 1254Louis IX was expelled from France. 1306Philip IV expelled the Jews,
13century,influential philosopher and logician ramon·Ruhr (Ramon Llull，1232-1315 ) called for the expulsion of all Jews who refused to convert to Christianity.Some scholars consider Ruhl's book the first comprehensive account of the deportation policy against Jews in the Christian West.
1231,Simon·virtue·Montfort expels the Jews of Leicester.
1253，The Jews of Vienne, France, were expelled by order of Pope Innocent III.
1275,King Edward I of England allowed his mother, Eleanor of Provence, to expel the Jews from her dowagers, including Cambridge, Gloucester, Marlborough, and Worcester.
1276,The Jews were expelled from Upper Bavaria.
1287,Edward I of England expelled the Jews from Gascony.
1288,Naples deported the Jews of southern Italy for the first time.
1289,Charles of Salerno expelled the Jews from Maine and Anjou.
1290,King Edward I of England issued an edict expelling all Jews from England. 365 Years later, this policy was 1655 Oliver·Cromwell(Oliver
Cromwell)overthrow.
1294,Jews deported from Bern, Switzerland。
1360,King Louis I of Hungary expelled the Jews from Hungary.
1392,Jews are expelled from Bern, Switzerland.
1420–1421,Duke Albert V ordered all Jews in Austria to be imprisoned and forcibly converted to Christianity.Some converted, others left the country. 1421In 2001, Austrian authorities again arrested and deported Jews and banned Jews from entering the capital, Vienna.
1442,The Jews were again expelled from Upper Bavaria.
1478,The Jews were expelled from Passau.
1491,The Jews of Ravenna were expelled and their synagogues destroyed.
1492,Ferdinand II and Isabella I issue the Edict of the Alhambra, expelling the Jews from Castile and Aragonand sicily。
1495,The occupation of the Kingdom of Naples by Charles VIII of France brought new persecution against the Jews, many of whom were refugees from Spain.
1496,The Jews were expelled from Portugal.Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I issued a decree expelling all Jews from Styria and Wiener Neustadt.
1498,The Jews were expelled from Navarre.
1499,Jews were expelled from Nuremberg.
1510,The Jews were expelled from Naples.
1515,Jews were expelled from Dubrovnik.
1519,The Jews were expelled from Regensburg.
1526,After the Ottoman Empire defeated the Kingdom of Hungary, the Jews were expelled from Pressburg.
1551,All remaining Jews were expelled from the Duchy of Bavaria.Jewish settlement in Bavaria until 17 It stopped at the end of the century, when refugees from Vienna established a small community in Sulzbach.
1569,Pope V expelled the Jews from the Papal States except Ancona and Rome.
1593,Pope Clement VIII expelled the Jews living in all the Papal States except Rome, Avignon and Ancona.
1597,Nine hundred Jews were expelled from Milan.
1614 Jews were expelled from Frankfurt
1614,The Jews were expelled from Frankfurt, the Roman Empire.
1654,The fall of Recife, the Portuguese Dutch colony in Brazil, prompted Jews to arrive in New Amsterdam, becoming the first Jews to flee to North America.
1669–1670,The Jews were expelled from Vienna by the Roman Emperor Leopold I and subsequently banned from settling in the Austrian patrimonial lands.
1679–1680,Jews across Yemen were expelled from their towns and villages and sent to desert areas known as the Moza Exile.
1683,Louis XIV's Code Black edicts expelled Jews from the Caribbean region of France's colonial empire.
1701–1714,War of the Spanish Succession.After the war, Austrian Jews were expelled from Bavaria, but some gained the right to live in Munich.
1744–1790YearFrederick II, Joseph II and Maria·Theresa's reforms sent large numbers of impoverished German and Austrian Jews to the East.
1791,The Russian Tsar Catherine the Great established settlements and confined the Jews to the western parts of the empire by deportation.arrive19 At the end of the century, more than 400 Thousands of Jews lived in the Pale region.
1862,Tennessee, Mississippi, Kentucky,Expelled the Jews.
1880–1910Year,Holocaust in the Russian Empire:About 250 Millions of Jews immigrated from Eastern Europe, most of whom immigrated to the United States.
1917YearDuring World War I, the Ottoman authorities expelled the Jews from the Jaffa area.First refugee children arrive in UK from GermanyBuchenwald concentration camp survivors arrive in Haifa.
1933Year–1957Year,The persecution of Nazi Germany began with1933Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses in1938Kristallnacht reached its first climax in 1988 and culminated in the Holocaust of European Jews. 1938The Evian Conference1943The Bermuda Conference and other attempts failed to address the Jewish refugee issue, which was widely used in Nazi propaganda.A small number of German and Austrian Jewish refugees fleeing Nazism immigrated to Britain, where attitudes were not necessarily positive.Long before the Holocaust, i.e. 1940 Year 2 In August, Nazi Germany expelled Poles from occupied western Poland, targeting approximately 20000 A Polish Jew.1939A specialized agency was established to coordinate evictions。
1940Year,During World War II, the Soviet Union 1940 Year 6 Tsukiwa 7 The so-called“June eviction”the fourth of five mass deportations of Polish citizens from Soviet-occupied eastern Poland, also targeted approx. 65000 A Polish Jew.
1943–1944，Jews were deported, stripped of their citizenship, and suffered pogroms in Italian cities such as Rome, Verona, Florence, Pisa, and Alessandria.
1951 Years later, Iraqi Jews were displaced.
1949-1950，about 49000 Yemeni JewsImmigrate to Israel.
1948 beginning of the year,Jews fled the Muslim world. The total population of the Jewish community in the Middle East and North Africa (excluding Israel) ranged from approx. 90 million reduced to less than today's 8000 people, about 60 Wan became an Israeli citizen.
1947Year,Egypt passes corporate law.The law requires Egyptian companies to have no less than75%Must be an Egyptian citizen.This law had a great impact on the Jews because of all the Jews in Egypt only about 20%is an Egyptian citizen.
1948Year,The State of Israel is established.Anti-Semitism in Egypt has intensified. 1948 Year 5 moon 15 On the same day, a state of emergency law was declared and a royal decree was issued prohibiting Egyptian citizens from leaving the country without special permission.This applies to Jews.Hundreds of Jews were arrested and many had their property confiscated. 1948 Year 6 solstice 8 In August, bombs were planted in Jewish communities and Jewish businesses were looted.About 250 Jews were killed or injured by bombs. 1948 New Year's Eve 1950 During the years, there were approx. 14000 Jews left Egypt.
1949Year,Jordan occupied and subsequently annexed the West Bank— — Mostly based on 1947 The United Nations partitioned Palestine into one Arab country in 2001, a proposal rejected by Arab leaders.— — and massive discrimination and persecution of all non-Muslim residents — — Jews, Christians (many sects), Druze, Circassians, etc.——and forced the Arabization of all public activities, including schools and public administration.
1951–1952,During the Ezra and Nehemiah campaigns, due to the excessive Jewish influence over the economy, approx. 120000 Jews according to Iraqi Prime Minister Tawfiq·Suwadi Denationalization Act was deported.
1954Year,jamal·Abdul·Nasser came to power in Egypt.Nasser immediately arrested many Jews, who were tried on various charges, mainly for Zionist and communist activities.
1956Year,Suez Canal Crisis.About 3000 Egyptian Jews were held in four internment camps without charge.The government ordered thousands of Jews to leave the country within days and they were not allowed to sell their property or take any capital with them.International Red Cross helps approx. 8000 Stateless Jews left the country, most of them heading to Italy and Greece.The exodus of Jews continued until 1967 There are only about 3000 A Jew.
1962Year,Jews flee Algeria due to FLN violence。arrive1962 Year 7 At the end of the month, there are already 70000 Jews went to France, and another 5000 Jews travel to Israel.It is estimated that approximately 80% of Algerian Jews settled in France.
1965Year,The situation of Algerian Jews rapidly deteriorated.arrive 1969 Years later, there were less than 100 Jews left 1000 people.
1967Year,The Six Day War.Hundreds of Egyptian Jews were arrested, beaten, tortured and ill-treated.Some were released with foreign intervention, notably Spain, and allowed to leave the country.There are about 7000 Libyan Jews were massacred, including 18 people were killed, leading to a large-scale exodus of Libyan Jews, leaving less than 100 A Jew.
1968Year,The political crisis in Poland forced thousands of Jews to leave communist Poland.
1970Year,Still less than 1,000 Jews lived in Egypt.They were allowed to leave without taking any property.As of 1971 years, Egypt was left with only 400 A Jew.As of 2013 There were only a few dozen Jews left in Egypt.As of 2019 years, Cairo had a total of 5 indivual.As of 2022 The total number of Egyptian Jews known to live permanently in Egypt was 3 people.
1970–1986,Hundreds of thousands of Soviet Jews fled,Most go to Israel or the United States as refugees.
1972Year,Edie·Amin expelled all Israelis from Uganda.
1984Year–1985Year,Ten thousand Jews fled Ethiopia as part of Operation Moses and Operation Joshua.
1991Year,As part of Operation Solomon,14000 Jews fled Ethiopia.
2003Year,The last Jews left Libya.
2021Year,The last Jews leave Afghanistan.
2021Year,Yemen's Jewish population has grown from18 people reduced to 6 people,In the end only 1 people.

【Summarize】

The reasons for anti-Semitism in the world for thousands of years include religious reasons, cultural reasons, economic reasons, and geopolitical reasons. The editor noticed that these anti-Semitic incidents basically occurred in countries that believe in Christianity and Islam, and most of these countries have the same God: Jesus.

Jesusmother's name was mary, Father's name is Joseph, They are all Jews,

The first twelve disciples recruited by Jesus were all from Palestine (the place name in the Bible is Galilee) ， CapernaumGalilee，Capernaum), so these twelve disciples were all Jews, and the person who betrayed Jesus was called Judas (Judas Iscariot), he was one of the twelve disciples.

According to the New Testament records, the twelve disciples recruited by Jesus are as follows:

1、Simon called PeterSimon/Peter,fishermen

2、 AndrewAndrew (WestMongolianbrother), fisherman

3、James son of ZebedyesShota Nishison of Jacob

4、 JohnJohn (brother of James) was also the son of a fisherman.

5， MatthewMatthew, a tax collector

6， PhilipPhilip, origin unknown

7， BartholomewBartholomew, origin unknown

8， ThomasTama, formerly a tax official

9， James son of AlphaeusJacob son of Alphaeus

10, ThaddaeusTatatta

11, Simon the ZealotSimon of zephyr

12, Judas Iscariot Judas Iscariot (the one who betrayed Jesus)

The area of Palestine where Jesus lived was under the rule of the Roman Empire at the time. The Bible describes the Jews as traitors to Jesus.

For example, the “Old Testament” says that God has turned his love from the Jews to Christians, and the Jews have been reduced from God's “chosen people” to “abandoned people.”

“The Gospel of John” Chapter 8 Verse 44: “You (note: referring to the Jews) are of your father the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father, who was a murderer from the beginning and does not abide in the truth. For in his heart There is no truth, and he lies from himself, for he is a liar and the father of lies.”

The war between Hamas and Israel has further intensified the antagonism between Palestinian Arabs and Israeli Jews, while Israel's indiscriminate massacre triggered a global wave of opposition and intensified the outbreak of anti-Semitism.In order to curb the growth of domestic anti-Semitism, the United States quickly launchedThe Anti-Semitism Awareness Act of 2023 is intended to combat anti-Semitic awareness and behavior.But this law willThe anti-Semitic behavior in the “Working Definition of Anti-Semitism” has been elevated to illegal behavior, which will inevitably further expand the antagonism between Jews and other ethnic groups. for example:

Using symbols and images associated with classic anti-Semitism (e.g.The claim that the Jews killed Jesus or a blood libel) is used to describe Israel or the Israelites.
Claiming the existence of the State of Israel is racist.

Such content may lead to the arrest and conviction of many people with different opinions, which will inevitably further intensify conflicts.

There are many types of racial discrimination in the world, and anti-racial discrimination is also the norm. However, this is the first anti-discrimination bill that targets a specific race. There are many other anti-discrimination bills, but none of them target specific ethnic groups. This law seems to be aimed at protecting Jews and resisting anti-Semitic thoughts and actions, but it may be counterproductive.

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